Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (2024)

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Southern California Black Walnut

Juglans californica

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36 Nurseries Carry This Plant

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About Southern California Black Walnut (Juglans californica) 36 Nurseries Carry This Plant
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Juglans californica, the Southern California Black Walnut, is a large shrub or small tree endemic to California. Some authorities (including the California Native Plant Society) combine this species with J. hindsii.

Southern California Black Walnut, generally found in the southern half of the state, can be either a large shrub with 1 to 5 trunks or a small single-trunked tree. The main trunk can fork close to the ground, making it look like two trees that have grown together, then diverged.

It has thick bark, deeply channeled or furrowed at maturity. It has large compound leaves Its small hard nut is difficult to remove from its shallowly grooved thick shell. The Chumash Indians of the Channel Islands of California eat the nuts; these walnuts are not, however, grown commercially as food.

This tree is a great choice for wildlife gardens, especially for attracting birds, which eat the nuts and like to nest in the branches. Unfortunately, Southern California Black Walnut is now endangered in large parts of the southern portion of its natural range due to continued development. Hopefully native gardeners in Southern California will help restore this important part of the ecosystem.

Best to plant near an irrigated area or naturally moister areas such as a streambed, seep or canyon bottom. Toxins in walnut seeds will typically prevent other plants from growing under this tree, so don't try to put understory plants too near this tree.

Plant Description

Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (1)

Plant Type

Tree


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (2)

Size

50 - 75 ft tall
50 - 75 ft wide


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (3)

Form

Rounded


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (4)

Growth Rate

Moderate


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (5)

Dormancy

Winter Deciduous


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (6)

Flower Color

Yellow


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (7)

Flowering Season

Spring


Wildlife Supported

Very important wildlife plant, as walnuts are an important food source. Attracts many birds and small animals.
Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (8) Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (9) Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (10)


Butterflies & moths hosted ( 1 confirmed Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (11), 25 likely * ) SHOW ALL

Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (12)

Wandering Tiger Moth Spilosoma vestalisSpilosoma vestalis

*

Polyphemus moth Antheraea polyphemusAntheraea polyphemus

*

Red-Humped Caterpillar Schizura concinnaSchizura concinna

*

Walnut Spanworm Moth Phigalia plumogerariaPhigalia plumogeraria

*

Filbertworm Cydia latiferreanaCydia latiferreana

*

The Penitent Catocala piatrixCatocala piatrix

*

Forest Tent Caterpillar Malacosoma disstriaMalacosoma disstria


Landscaping Information

Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (20)

Sun

Full Sun, Part Shade


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (21)

Moisture

Moderate - High


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (22)

Summer Irrigation

Max 1x / month once established


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (23)

Nurseries

Carried by 36


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (24)

Cold Tolerance

Tolerates cold to 20 - 25° F


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (25)

Soil Drainage

Fast, Medium, Slow


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (26)

Soil Description

Adaptable. Soil PH: 6 - 7


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (27)

Common uses

Bank Stabilization, Deer Resistant, Bird Gardens


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (28)

Companion Plants

Scrub Oak (Quercus berberidifolia), Coast Live Oak (Quercus agrifolia), Red Willow (Salix laevigata), Mountain Mahogany (Cercocarpus betuloides), Virgin's Bower (Clematis ligusticifolia), California Wildrose (Rosa californica), Riverbank Lupine (Lupinus latifolius), Climbing Penstemon (Keckiella cordifolia), Blue Elderberry (Sambucus nigra ssp. caerulea)


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (29)

Propagation?

For propagating by seed: 5 months stratification (USDA Forest Service 1974). Some fresh seeds may need only 2 to 3 months; thus, germinating seeds should be removed and planted at periodic inspections.


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (30)

Sunset Zones?

4, 5, 6, 7*, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14*, 15*, 16*, 17*, 18*, 19*, 20*, 21*, 22*, 23*, 24*


Natural Setting

Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (31)

Site Type

Slopes, canyons, valleys, often near stream beds or washes


Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (32)

Climate

Annual Precipitation: 5.8" - 70.7", Summer Precipitation: 0.16" - 2.61", Coldest Month: 38.0" - 56.8", Hottest Month: 62.9" - 85.5", Humidity: 0.09" - 36.34", Elevation: -1" - 6720"


Alternative Names

Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (33)

Botanical Names: Juglans californica var. californica
Common Names: Southern Black Walnut, Southern California Walnut



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Sources include: Wikipedia. All text shown in the "About" section of these pages is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Plant observation data provided by the participants of the California Consortia of Herbaria, Sunset information provided by Jepson Flora Project. Propogation from seed information provided by the Santa Barbara Botanical Garden from "Seed Propagation of Native California Plants" by Dara E. Emery. Sources of plant photos include CalPhotos, Wikimedia Commons, and independent plant photographers who have agreed to share their images with Calscape. Other general sources of information include Calflora, CNPS Manual of Vegetation Online, Jepson Flora Project, Las Pilitas, Theodore Payne, Tree of Life, The Xerces Society, and information provided by CNPS volunteer editors, with special thanks to Don Rideout. Climate data used in creation of plant range maps is from PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University, using 30 year (1981-2010) annual "normals" at an 800 meter spatial resolution.

Links:Jepson eFlora Taxon PageCalPhotosWikipediaCalflora



Southern California Black Walnut, Juglans californica (2024)

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